villescas research, media & instruction
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resources for community-oriented initiatives
p.o. box 1565
el paso, tejas 79948
ph: 915.227.2551
joseph
APPENDIX C
Open-ended responses to “what can leaders in El Paso do to make the city more attractive so that a greater number of people your age would consider moving here?” organized according to expatriate status (i.e., current or former expatriate) and by year of high school graduation (i.e., pre 1980, 1980-1990, 1991-2000, post 2000).
CURRENT EL PASO EXPATRIATES (514 Respondents)
Graduating Classes, Pre 1980
Graduating Classes, 1980-1990
Graduating Classes 1991-2000
Graduating Classes, Post 2000
FORMER EL PASO EXPATRIATES (106 Respondents)
Graduating Classes, Pre 1980
Graduating Classes, 1980-1990
Graduating Classes, 1991-2000
Graduating Classes, Post 2000
PRIMARY FINDINGS
YEAR & AGE OF DEPARTURE: Within the sample, 91% of respondents left El Paso after 1980, and almost one third (30%) of respondents lived in El Paso for only 18 years.
DURATION OF DEPARTURE: Of all respondents, 29.5% have lived outside of El Paso for one to five years;31.3% have lived outside of El Paso for six to ten years;28.3% have lived outside of El Paso for eleven to twenty years; and10.4% have lived outside of El Paso for greater than twenty years.
WILLINGNESS TO MOVE TO EL PASO: When asked whether they would move back to El Paso, 79% consider El Paso as a destination community at some point in their lives (i.e., 37.7% stated yes, 41.1% stated maybe, and 21.2% stated no).
PRIMARY REASONS THEY MOVED AWAY: When asked what was the primary reason why they moved away, 30.7% stated to seek job opportunities, 61.0% stated to seek educational opportunities, 3.4% stated due to family/marriage, and 3.4% stated due to the military.
PERCEIVED BARRIERS FOR DEGREE HOLDERS: When asked what is the primary barrier to getting college-educated El Pasoans to return to El Paso, the majority of respondents (81%) stated career opportunities/earning potential was the most crucial factor.
PRIMARY REASON TO MOVE BACK: 58% stated that family is the primary reason why they would individually consider moving back.
PERCEIVED REASONS TO MOVE BACK: When asked which aspects of El Paso would make former residents move back, 37.4% stated family is the primary reason as to why other Expatriates would move while 29.9% stated job opportunities, 18.4% stated cost of living, 3.9% stated culture, 3.0% stated weather, 2.5% stated access to border, 2.2% stated educational opportunities, and 1.1% stated safe neighborhoods.
EL PASO INFORMATION SOURCES: El Paso Expatriates keep up with what is going on in El Paso mainly through their parents (73.2%), on-line news sources (49.9%), other relatives (48.6%), former classmates (47.5%), and siblings (46.3%).
GENDER & BIRTH PLACE: Males accounted for 53.3% and females 46.7%. Furthermore, 75.7% of respondents were born in El Paso and 3.0% were born in Ciudad Juárez.
ETHNIC & RACIAL IDENTIFICATION: Although 74.5% identified as being Hispanic/Latino/a, the primary racial populations of analysis were individuals who self-identified as Hispanic (53.6%), White (32.4%), and Mixed (6.8%).
MARITAL & PARENTAL STATUS: 45.8% were currently married and 34.5% were parents.
LANGUAGE: Within the sample, 79.2% could speak Spanish while 8.4% could speak three languages, and 2.7% could speak four languages or more
GENERATIONAL COMPOSITION: Over 64% of respondents had a lineage that can trace two generations or less to El Paso while over 31% could identify a lineage of three generations or more.
FAMILIAL CONNECTION TO EL PASO: 82.7% of respondents had parents who still reside in El Paso and 62% had siblings that reside in the area.
HIGH SCHOOLS REPRESENTED: Although private schools graduates accounted for 17% of the sample, the top ten high schools represented in the sample in descending order were Coronado High School (12.9%), Eastwood High School (10.1%), Cathedral High School (9.7%), El Paso High School (7.1%), Hanks High School (7.1%), Loretto Academy (5.5%), Burges High School (5.4%), Austin High School (4.9%), Ysleta High School (3.6%), Franklin High School (3.4%).
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: Texas represented the state containing the most El Paso Expatriates at 60.2% of the sample while California (9.0%), New York (4.2%), Arizona (3.4%), and Washington, D.C. (3.3%) ranked as the states with a sizeable population of former residents (Connecticut, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Hawaii, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Rhode Island comprised 3.7% of the sample collectively). The highest concentration of El Paso Expatriates in Texas are located in Austin (21.2%), Dallas (9.0%), Houston (3.7%), and San Antonio (2.9%). Outside of Texas, New York (3.4%), Washington, D.C. (3.3%), and Los Angeles (2.9%) provided the highest response rate.
UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE ATTAINMENT: 85 undergraduate institutions of higher learning where identified as containing El Paso Expatriate alumni, while 17 AA/AS and 473 BA/BS degree holders were identified.
GRADUATE DEGREE ATTAINMENT: 225 individuals have attained a MA/MS degree, and 53 have doctoral degrees (including 44 JD).
FIELDS OF EMPLOYMENT: 91.3% of El Paso Expatriates are employed full time; the top ten ranking fields of employment were education (12.7%), computer technology (8.2%), legal (7.6%), health care (7.2%), government (7.0%), accounting/finance (6.7%), arts and entertainment (5.1%), nonprofit (5.1%), communication (3.4%). Additionally, 11.6% own a business, and 14.7% are self-employed.
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT: Within these fields of employment, 18% of Expatriates had worked less than a year, 13.6% for one to two years, 20.2% for three to four years, 22.3% for five to ten years, 8.9 % for eleven to twenty years, and 2.5% for more than 20 years.
MILITARY SERVICE: 7.6% of the sample were identified as being veterans.
CURRENT INCOME LEVELS: Currently, 33.6% of El Paso Expatriates generate an income under $50,000 per year, 42.3% make between $50,000-$100,00 per year, and only 24.1% generate over $100,000 annually.
EXPATRIATE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT: It was determined that 21.9% of respondents would start a new business in El Paso, and 2.5% would be willing to relocate their business to El Paso.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Pathways & Incentives
Creating Circular Pathways of Return for Recent High School Graduates through the Participation of El Paso’s Organizational Infrastructure & Community-based Groups
Aligning Pathways of Return for El Paso Expatriates who Departed after 1980 through the Exploration of a New Range of Economic & Educational Incentives
Promoting Retirement in the El Paso Region for El Paso Expatriates
Utilizing Unused Spaces Downtown for Expatriate Housing & Offices
Research & Data Accumulation
Analyzing Area School Districts & Postsecondary Institutions to Determine & Predict the Size of Expatriate Population
Utilizing El Paso as a Laboratory for Developing Recommendations on How to Reclaim Local Talent
Consolidating Oral Histories about El Paso Expatriate Transitions to be Featured On-line
Exploring the National Legacy of the El Paso Diaspora, 1940-2000
Educational Development
Coordinating Opportunities for Strategic Postsecondary Educational Development Nationally & Transnationally based on the Future Landscape of El Paso
Promoting Graduate Degree Programs in the El Paso Region for Expatriate Undergraduate Degree Holders
Branding El Paso as both a Massive College-bound Market & Intellectual Center of the U.S. Latino Community
Employment & Capacity Building
Luring Homegrown Talent & Creativity rather than Massive Employers for Local Job Development
Promoting Entrepreneurship & Organizational Development among Former, Current, & Future Expatriates
Media & Connectivity
Establishing a Comprehensive Webpage for Current & Former El Paso Expatriates
Prioritizing Media Coverage of the Expatriate Project in Cities with Concentrated El Paso Expatriate Populations
Increasing El Paso Resident & El Paso Expatriate On-line Connectivity
Consolidating an El Paso Regional Alumni Network from All Area High Schools
Social Networking
Networking El Paso, Ciudad Juárez, & Las Cruces with Expatriates in Ten Major Cities Across the United States
Promoting El Paso’s Internal Cultural & Racial Diversity Nationally
Conducting Direct Talent Recruitment in Five Texas Cities
Conducting Direct Talent Recruitment in New York, California, & Washington, D.C.
p.o. box 1565
el paso, tejas 79948
ph: 915.227.2551
joseph